The transmit power of an access point determines the size of its service area cell. Most wireless controllers will automatically set the transmit power within a range that you define. A common mistake is to have the range set as high as it can be in attempts to get as much coverage as possible. This can have the side effect of clients being able to hear the access point but are unable to respond. Tuning the transmit power down can also help in resolving client roaming issues.
Instructions from UniFi Controller running firmware version 8.1.113.
The actual values of the transmit power options vary depending on the model of AP and regulatory domain.